Clinical outcomes and surgical intervention using Bogota bag and bovine pericardium in patient diagnosed with ectopia cordis: a case series

Abstract

Introduction: Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the heart's partial or complete displacement, often associated with ventral wall defects. This condition poses significant challenges due to potential cardiac and respiratory issues. Effective management typically involves reconstructive surgery using techniques like the Bogota bag and bovine pericardium. This case series aims to describe the clinical manifestations, associated disorders, surgical interventions, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with ectopia cordis.

Case description: Case 1 involved a premature baby with complete thoracal ectopia cordis, significant atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), moderate tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and sepsis. The patient received two surgeries, including an initial cover with a modified Bogota bag and a subsequent replacement with bovine pericardium. Unfortunately, the patient died from sepsis. Case 2 involved a full-term baby with partial thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis, tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), significant PDA, ASD, and omphalocele. This patient was managed with a continuously replaced sterile stoma bag and had a positive outcome.

Conclusion: Ectopia cordis requires prompt and multidisciplinary management to improve outcomes. The prognosis varies based on the extent of the anomaly, associated defects, and the effectiveness of surgical treatments. Prenatal screening is crucial, but timely postnatal care is also essential. In cases with poor prognoses, pregnancy termination might be considered.